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Question 1 [20] Develop a point-of-sale system with the following characteristi...

Oct 27, 2024

Question 1 [20] Develop a point-of-sale system with the following characteristics. F1 Backup and Recovery Essential (5) F2 Data Communications Essential (5) F3 Distributed Processing Essential (5) F4 Performance Critical? Essential (5) F5 Run on existing, heavily used environment? Average (3) F6 Online data entry? Essential (5) F7 Online data entry on multiple screens? Essential (5) F8 Master files updated online? Essential (5) F9 Inputs, outputs, files complex? Average (3) F10 Internal processing complex? Moderate (2) F11 Code reusable? Average (3) F12 Conversion and Installation? Moderate (2) F13 Multiple installations across organizations? Significant (4) F14 Facilitate change and user ease of use? Significant (4) 42 user inputs classified as complex 7 user inputs classified as average 30 user outputs classified as average 70 possible user inquiries classified as complex 17 files accessed classified as average 14 files accessed classified as simple 4 external interfaces classified as complex Given the following historical performance record Average of past projects: Effort R(000) pp. Doc. Errors LOC 8342 FP 345 15 months 600 376 24 1.1 Estimate the duration, cost and expected number of errors for the point-ofsale project. [10] 1.2 [10] Estimate the expected number of person-months of work and the project duration for an Embedded project involving 45000 lines of code. Assume that the following cost drivers are applicable: PCAP Very High AEXP High TURN High MODP Very Low TOOL Low COST DRIVER V.LOW LOW NOMINAL HIGH V.HIGH EX. HIGH RELY 0.75 0.88 1.00 1.15 1.40 . DATA . 0.94 1.00 1.08 1.16 . 3 CPLX 0.70 0.85 1.00 1.15 1.30 1.65 TIME . . 1.00 1.11 1.30 1.66 STOR . . 1.00 1.06 1.21 1.56 VIRT . 0.87 1.00 1.15 1.30 . TURN . 0.87 1.00 1.07 1.15 . ACAP 1.46 1.19 1.00 0.86 0.71 . AEXP 1.29 1.13 1.00 0.91 0.82 . PCAP 1.42 1.17 1.00 0.86 0.70 . VEXP 1.21 1.10 1.00 0.90 . . LEXP 1.14 1.07 1.00 0.95 . . MODP 1.24 1.10 1.00 0.91 0.82 . TOOL 1.24 1.10 1.00 0.91 0.83 . SCED 1.23 1.08 1.00 1.04 1.10 . Question 2 [20] 2.1 Briefly explain the purpose of the Capability Maturity Model. [8] 2.2 What are the different levels associated with the Capability Maturity Model and how does the use the model by an organization allow for better project management. [12] Question 3 [20] 3.1 Given a project to create and deploy an information system for a city government, and Mintzberg’s description of the levels of management. Which aspects of the project manager’s job fall at the different management levels and why? [6] 3.2 List and explain the different role players that might participate in a software development project. [4] 3.3 Classify Herzberg’s factors and explain how a project manager might make use of these to motivate team members. [6] 3.4 Explain two of Wilemon and Thaiman’s power concepts and explain how a project manager might make use of these to motivate team members. [4] Question 4 [20] 4.1 Describe the role of the project manager during the procurement process. [6] 4.2 You are leading a large scale project for your organization. There is a concern on the part of your organization about one particular seller that must be used on the project. The organization would like to minimize the risk to themselves. Explain which contract type would be preferable to manage this situation. [8] Question 5 [20] 5.1 Why is quality an important consideration in project management? [5] 5.2 Write a report to your manager explaining why you believe it is necessary for your company to include quality management in your company’s project management processes. Highlight what aspects should be included and how these should lead to benefits for the company. [7] 4 5.3 Provide an outline of the project audit process, and explain the benefits of project audits. [8] 5 Addendum Software project a b c d Organic 2.4 1.05 2.5 0.38 Semidetached 3.0 1.12 2.5 0.35 Embedded 3.6 1.20 2.5 0.32 Complexity Weighting Measurement parameter Low Average High Product Number of user inputs _____ x 3 + _____ x 4 + ___ x 6 + = ________ Number of user outputs _____ x 4 + _____ x 5 + ___ x 7 + = ________ Number of user inquiries _____ x 3 + _____ x 4 + ___ x 6 + = ________ Number of files _____ x 7 + ____ x 10 + __ x 15 + = ________ Number of external interfaces _____ x 5 + _____ x 7 + __ x 10 + = ________ Count Total Selected Formulae = ( +  ) Fi FP Count total 0.65 0.01

Hi Mihlali! It looks like you have a comprehensive set of questions related to project management and software development. Let's break it down step by step. Question 1 1. Estimate the duration, cost, and expected number of errors for the point-of-sale project. - To estimate these, you can use the historical data provided. You might want to apply the function points (FP) to calculate the effort in person-months and then convert that to duration and cost based on your organization's rates. 2. Estimate the expected number of person-months of work and the project duration for an Embedded project involving 45,000 lines of code. - For this, you can use the cost drivers provided to adjust the effort estimation based on the complexity and other factors. The formula for effort in person-months can be derived from the lines of code and adjusted using the cost drivers. Question 2 1. Purpose of the Capability Maturity Model (CMM): - The CMM is designed to help organizations improve their processes. It provides a framework for assessing the maturity of an organization's processes and offers a path for continuous improvement. 2. Different levels of CMM: - The levels typically include Initial, Managed, Defined, Quantitatively Managed, and Optimizing. Each level represents a stage of process maturity, and moving up the levels allows organizations to manage projects more effectively by standardizing processes and using data to inform decisions. Question 3 1. Project manager's job and Mintzberg’s levels of management: - The project manager's role can be classified into different levels such as operational (day-to-day management), tactical (resource allocation and team management), and strategic (aligning project goals with organizational objectives). 2. Role players in software development: - This could include project managers, developers, testers, business analysts, and stakeholders, each playing a critical role in the project's success. 3. Herzberg’s factors: - Herzberg's theory distinguishes between hygiene factors and motivators. A project manager can use motivators like recognition and responsibility to enhance team motivation. 4. Wilemon and Thaiman’s power concepts: - Concepts like expert power and referent power can be leveraged by project managers to inspire and motivate their teams. Question 4 1. Role of the project manager during procurement: - The project manager oversees the procurement process, ensuring that the necessary resources are acquired efficiently and effectively while managing vendor relationships. 2. Contract type for minimizing risk: - A fixed-price contract might be preferable in this situation, as it limits the financial risk to the organization while ensuring that the seller is incentivized to deliver on time and within budget. Question 5 1. Importance of quality in project management: - Quality is crucial as it directly impacts customer satisfaction and project success. High-quality outputs reduce rework and enhance the reputation of the organization. 2. Report on quality management: - Your report should emphasize the need for quality assurance processes, regular audits, and continuous improvement practices to ensure that projects meet their objectives and deliver value. 3. Project audit process: - The audit process typically involves planning, execution, reporting, and follow-up. Benefits include identifying areas for improvement, ensuring compliance, and enhancing project performance. If you need more detailed calculations or explanations on any specific part, feel free to ask!

simulate question 1 answers

Hi Mihlali! Let's dive into Question 1 and simulate the answers based on the information you've provided. Question 1.1: Estimate the duration, cost, and expected number of errors for the point-of-sale project. To estimate these, we can use the historical performance data you provided. Here’s a breakdown of how to approach it: 1. Effort Estimation: - You have historical data showing an average of 8342 lines of code (LOC) and 345 function points (FP) for past projects. - You can use the formula for estimating effort based on function points or lines of code. 2. Cost Estimation: - Once you have the estimated effort in person-months, you can multiply it by the average cost per person-month to get the total cost. 3. Error Estimation: - The historical error rate can be applied to the estimated LOC or FP to predict the number of errors. Question 1.2: Estimate the expected number of person-months of work and the project duration for an Embedded project involving 45000 lines of code. For this, you can use the cost drivers you provided. The formula for estimating person-months can be: - **Effort (PM) = K * (LOC^E), where K and E are constants derived from historical data. You would adjust K and E based on the complexity and other cost drivers you listed (like PCAP, AEXP, etc.). Example Calculation: 1. For the point-of-sale project: - If we assume an average cost per person-month is R(000) 600, and you estimate 10 person-months of work, the cost would be R(000) 6000. - If the error rate is 0.15 errors per LOC, then for 8342 LOC, you would expect around 125 errors. 2. For the Embedded project**: - Using the constants from your historical data, you can calculate the expected person-months and then determine the project duration based on team size. If you need specific calculations or further clarification on any of these steps, just let me know!

show alll calculations

Sure, Mihlali! Let's go through the calculations step by step for Question 1. Question 1.1: Estimate the duration, cost, and expected number of errors for the point-of-sale project. 1. Calculate Function Points (FP): - You have 42 complex user inputs, 7 average user inputs, 30 average user outputs, 70 complex user inquiries, 17 average files accessed, 14 simple files accessed, and 4 complex external interfaces. - Using the weights provided (assuming typical weights for each category): - User Inputs:

42 \times 6 + 7 \times 4 = 252 + 28 = 280

- User Outputs:

30 \times 5 = 150

- User Inquiries:

70 \times 4 = 280

- Files:

17 \times 10 + 14 \times 7 = 170 + 98 = 268

- External Interfaces:

4 \times 7 = 28

- Total Function Points (FP) =

280 + 150 + 280 + 268 + 28 = 1006

2. Calculate Effort (in person-months): - Using the average effort from historical data: - Average LOC = 8342, Average FP = 345, Average Effort = 15 months - Effort per FP =

\frac{8342}{345} \approx 24.2

LOC/FP - Effort for the project =

\frac{1006 \text{ FP} \times 24.2 \text{ LOC/FP}}{8342 \text{ LOC}} \times 15 \text{ months} \approx 5.4 \text{ months}

3. Estimate Cost: - If we assume a cost rate (for example, R(000) per month), you can multiply the effort by the cost rate to get the total cost. - For example, if the cost rate is R(000) = 600, then: - Total Cost =

5.4 \text{ months} \times 600 = R(3240)

4. Estimate Expected Number of Errors: - Using the historical error rate: - Average errors per FP =

\frac{15 \text{ errors}}{345 \text{ FP}} \approx 0.0435 \text{ errors/FP}

- Expected errors for the project =

1006 \text{ FP} \times 0.0435 \approx 43.7 \text{ errors}

Summary of Estimates: - Duration: Approximately 5.4 months - Cost: R(3240) - Expected Errors: Approximately 44 errors Question 1.2: Estimate expected person-months of work and project duration for an Embedded project with 45000 LOC. 1. Calculate Effort for Embedded Project: - Using the historical data for embedded projects (CPLX = 3.6): - Effort =

\frac{45000 \text{ LOC}}{8342 \text{ LOC}} \times 15 \text{ months} \times 3.6 \approx 242.5 \text{ person-months}

2. Estimate Duration: - If you assume a team size (for example, 5 people), then: - Duration =

\frac{242.5 \text{ person-months}}{5 \text{ people}} \approx 48.5 \text{ months}

If you need any further details or specific calculations, feel free to ask!