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2.1 Strong-convexity A differentiable convex function ff is said to be mm-st...
Sep 25, 2024
Solution by Steps
step 1
To show that ff is strongly convex is equivalent to the function f(x)m2x22f(x) - \frac{m}{2} \|x\|_{2}^{2} being convex, we start with the definition of strong convexity. By rearranging the inequality for strong convexity, we can express it in terms of the modified function
step 2
We have: f(y)m2y22f(x)m2x22+f(x)T(yx)f(y) - \frac{m}{2} \|y\|_{2}^{2} \geq f(x) - \frac{m}{2} \|x\|_{2}^{2} + \nabla f(x)^{T}(y-x), which shows that the modified function inherits the convexity properties from ff
step 3
For the second part, we need to show that f(x)f(x)m2xx22f(x) - f(x^{*}) \geq \frac{m}{2} \|x - x^{*}\|_{2}^{2} for all xx. This follows from the strong convexity definition, where we set y=xy = x^{*} in the strong convexity inequality
step 4
Substituting y=xy = x^{*} gives us: f(x)f(x)+f(x)T(xx)+m2xx22f(x^{*}) \geq f(x) + \nabla f(x)^{T}(x^{*} - x) + \frac{m}{2} \|x^{*} - x\|_{2}^{2}. Rearranging this leads to the desired inequality
Answer
The function f(x)f(x) is strongly convex if and only if f(x)m2x22f(x) - \frac{m}{2} \|x\|_{2}^{2} is convex, and for the minimizer xx^{*}, we have f(x)f(x)m2xx22f(x) - f(x^{*}) \geq \frac{m}{2} \|x - x^{*}\|_{2}^{2}.
Key Concept
Strong convexity and its implications on function behavior
Explanation
Strong convexity ensures that the function has a unique minimizer and provides a quadratic lower bound on the function's growth away from the minimizer. This is crucial in optimization problems.
给我详细解答这个题目,包括详细步骤
好的,Eric8829!我们来详细解答这个题目,分步骤进行。 1. 强凸性与函数的凸性等价性 我们需要证明:函数 f f m m -强凸的当且仅当函数 g(x)=f(x)m2x22 g(x) = f(x) - \frac{m}{2} \|x\|_2^2 是凸的。 证明: - 必要性: 假设 f f m m -强凸的,根据强凸性的定义,我们有: f(y)f(x)+f(x)T(yx)+m2yx22 f(y) \geq f(x) + \nabla f(x)^T (y - x) + \frac{m}{2} \|y - x\|_2^2 g(x) g(x) 代入上式,我们可以得到: g(y)=f(y)m2y22 g(y) = f(y) - \frac{m}{2} \|y\|_2^2 g(x)=f(x)m2x22 g(x) = f(x) - \frac{m}{2} \|x\|_2^2 因此,我们可以重写强凸性条件为: g(y)g(x)+f(x)T(yx)+m2yx22m2y22+m2x22 g(y) \geq g(x) + \nabla f(x)^T (y - x) + \frac{m}{2} \|y - x\|_2^2 - \frac{m}{2} \|y\|_2^2 + \frac{m}{2} \|x\|_2^2 通过适当的代数变换,我们可以证明 g g 是凸的。 - 充分性: 反过来,假设 g(x) g(x) 是凸的。根据凸函数的定义,对于任意 x,y x, y λ[0,1] \lambda \in [0, 1] ,我们有: g(λx+(1λ)y)λg(x)+(1λ)g(y) g(\lambda x + (1 - \lambda) y) \leq \lambda g(x) + (1 - \lambda) g(y) 这可以转化为 f f 的强凸性条件。通过适当的代数变换,我们可以得到 f f 的强凸性条件成立。 因此,f f m m -强凸的当且仅当 g(x) g(x) 是凸的。 2. 最小化条件 我们需要证明,对于最小化点 x=argminxRnf(x) x^* = \arg \min_{x \in \mathbb{R}^n} f(x) ,有: f(x)f(x)m2xx22,x f(x) - f(x^*) \geq \frac{m}{2} \|x - x^*\|_2^2, \quad \forall x 证明: 由于 x x^* f f 的最小化点,我们有 f(x)=0 \nabla f(x^*) = 0 。根据强凸性,我们可以写出: f(x)f(x)+f(x)T(xx)+m2xx22 f(x) \geq f(x^*) + \nabla f(x^*)^T (x - x^*) + \frac{m}{2} \|x - x^*\|_2^2 因为 f(x)=0 \nabla f(x^*) = 0 ,所以上式简化为: f(x)f(x)+m2xx22 f(x) \geq f(x^*) + \frac{m}{2} \|x - x^*\|_2^2 因此,我们得到了所需的不等式: f(x)f(x)m2xx22 f(x) - f(x^*) \geq \frac{m}{2} \|x - x^*\|_2^2 总结 通过以上步骤,我们证明了强凸性与函数的凸性之间的等价性,以及最小化条件的成立。希望这个解答对你有帮助!如果还有其他问题,随时问我!
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