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(ii) In many countries, a genetic test for cystic fibrosis is available to adul...

Apr 5, 2025

Answer

The ethical and social considerations of making a genetic test for cystic fibrosis available to adults with a family history include issues of privacy, potential discrimination, psychological impact, and informed consent.

Solution

Ethical considerations: The availability of genetic testing raises concerns about privacy and confidentiality of genetic information. Individuals may fear that their genetic status could be disclosed without consent, leading to potential discrimination in employment or insurance

Psychological impact: Knowing one's genetic status can have significant emotional consequences. Individuals may experience anxiety or distress upon learning they are carriers of a genetic condition, which could affect their mental health and family dynamics

Informed consent: It is crucial that individuals understand the implications of the test results before undergoing testing. They should be fully informed about the potential outcomes and the impact of being a carrier of the cystic fibrosis gene

Key Concept

Ethical and social implications of genetic testing for cystic fibrosis

Explanation

The considerations include privacy, psychological effects, and the need for informed consent, which are essential for responsible genetic testing practices.

Answer

The function of the potassium hydroxide solution is to absorb carbon dioxide produced during respiration.

Solution

The potassium hydroxide solution serves to absorb the carbon dioxide (CO₂) produced by the germinating peas during respiration. This allows for a more accurate measurement of oxygen consumption, as the change in gas volume in the respirometer is primarily due to oxygen uptake rather than the production of carbon dioxide

Answer

The validity of the results could be assessed by repeating the experiment multiple times and comparing the results for consistency.

Solution

The validity of the results can be assessed by conducting multiple trials of the experiment at each temperature and calculating the average distance moved by the colored liquid. This helps to identify any anomalies and ensures that the results are reliable and reproducible

Answer

The respirometer was left in the water-bath for five minutes to allow the temperature to stabilize before starting the experiment.

Solution

The respirometer was left in the water-bath for five minutes to ensure that the germinating peas reached the desired temperature of the water-bath. This stabilization period is crucial for obtaining accurate and consistent results, as temperature can significantly affect the rate of respiration

Key Concept

The role of potassium hydroxide in respiration experiments and the importance of temperature stabilization

Explanation

Potassium hydroxide absorbs CO₂, allowing for accurate measurement of O₂ consumption, while temperature stabilization ensures reliable respiration rates.