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“This book tells the story of how industrial workers in one American city made s...

Oct 11, 2023

“This book tells the story of how industrial workers in one American city made sense of an era in our recent history [the 1930s] when the nation moved from a commitment to welfare capitalism to a welfare state [and] from a determination to resist the organization of its industrial work force to tolerating it.” —Lizabeth Cohen, Making a New Deal: Industrial Workers in Chicago 1919-1939, 1990 6. The changes described in the excerpt could best be attributed to (A)changes in the composition of the Supreme Court. (B) an increase in the power of local and state governments. (C) a renewed commitment to a laissez-faire approach to economic policy. (D) an expansion to the powers of the federal government. 7. Which of the following most strongly sought to limit or reverse the changes described in the excerpt? (A) Political radicals, such as members of the Communist Party (B) Organizations advocating on behalf of senior citizens (C) Civil rights organizations such as the Congress of Racial Equality (D) Conservatives in Congress and on the Supreme Court 8. The changes described in the excerpt were later reinforced by initiatives associated with (A) Senator Joseph McCarthy and the anti-Communist crusade of the 1950s. (B) the “Great Society” agenda of President Lyndon Johnson in the 1960s. (C) the domestic agenda of President Ronald Reagan in the 1980s. (D) Representative Newt Gingrich and the “Contract with America” in the 1990s.

Key Concept

KC-7.3.II During the 1930s, policymakers responded to the mass unemployment and social upheavals of the Great Depression by transforming the U.S. into a limited welfare state, redefining the goals and ideas of modern American liberalism.

Explanation

The changes described in the excerpt, such as the shift from welfare capitalism to a welfare state and the increased tolerance of industrial workforce organization, are best attributed to an expansion of the powers of the federal government. This is because these changes were largely brought about by New Deal policies implemented by the federal government in response to the Great Depression. 7.

Key Concept

KC-8.1.II In the post–World War II period, the U.S. underwent significant social, political, and demographic changes, and political debates often touched on the role of the federal government, free-market capitalism, and the nation’s commitment to its founding ideals.

Explanation

Conservatives in Congress and on the Supreme Court most strongly sought to limit or reverse the changes described in the excerpt. This is because these changes represented a shift towards a more active role for the federal government in the economy, which conservatives typically oppose. 8.

Key Concept

KC-8.2.II As the U.S. transitioned to a postindustrial economy, it experienced significant demographic shifts, and social, political, and cultural debates often focused on issues such as race, gender, ethnicity, and immigration.

Explanation

The changes described in the excerpt were later reinforced by initiatives associated with the “Great Society” agenda of President Lyndon Johnson in the 1960s. This is because the Great Society programs further expanded the role of the federal government in the economy and society, in line with the changes described in the excerpt.

What were the key changes during the 1930s?, Who sought to limit these changes?, How were these changes reinforced in later years?