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Questions 17-22 refer to the excerpt below. “The far-reaching, the boundless f...
Oct 7, 2023
Questions 17-22 refer to the excerpt below. “The far-reaching, the boundless future will be the era of American greatness. In its magnificent domain of space and time, the nation of many nations is destined to manifest to mankind the excellence of divine principles; to establish on earth the noblest temple ever dedicated to the worship of the Most High—the Sacred and the True. Its floor shall be a hemisphere—its roof the firmament of the star-studded heavens, and its congregation a Union of many Republics, comprising hundreds of happy millions, calling, owning no man master, but governed by God’s natural and moral law of equality, the law of brotherhood—of ‘peace and good will amongst men.’ ” John L. O’Sullivan, “The Great Nation of Futurity,” 1839 17. Which of the following best states the principle described above? (A) Colonists were destined to leave the British Empire because of the distance between the New World and England. (B) Women are biologically predestined to lives of child rearing and domestic labor. (C) America’s expansion to the West Coast was inevitable and divinely sanctioned. (D) The abolition of slavery in the United States was certain to come about because slavery was immoral. 18. Between 1820 and 1854, the greatest number of immigrants to the United States came from (A) France (B) Russia (C) England (D) Ireland 19. Which of the following best describes the effect of the American rail system in the 19th century? (A) Government subsidy of the railroads enabled markets to expand and production to become more efficient. (B) The entire national system was planned before the first railway was constructed. (C) The development of the rails had little effect on the development of American industry. (D) A more highly developed rail system gave the Confederacy a decided advantage in the Civil War. 20. Which of the following changes in westward migration is most likely to have occurred in the 1840s? (A) The number of pioneers headed for the Oregon territory decreased while the number headed for California greatly increased. (B) The first great wave of migration ended, and the number of migrants remained extremely low until after the Civil War. (C) For the first time, pioneers began to settle areas west of the Mississippi River. (D) Large numbers of free Blacks, unwelcome in the East, began to resettle in the West. 21.By what means did the United States take possession of the Oregon Territory? (A) The United States was granted the territory in a postwar treaty with France. (B) The United States bought it from the Native Americans who lived there. (C) U.S. settlers were the first to arrive in the region; they claimed it for their country. (D) Great Britain ceded it to the United States as part of a negotiated treaty. 22. Which of the following presidents is most closely associated with the concept of Manifest Destiny? (A) James K. Polk (B) Andrew Johnson (C) Woodrow Wilson (D) Ronald Reagan
17.
C
Key Concept
KC-5.1.II: The idea of Manifest Destiny, which asserted U.S. power in the Western Hemisphere and supported U.S. expansion westward, was built on a belief in white racial superiority and a sense of American cultural superiority, and helped to shape the era’s political debates.
Explanation
The excerpt from John L. O'Sullivan's "The Great Nation of Futurity" is a clear expression of the concept of Manifest Destiny, which held that America's expansion across the continent was inevitable and divinely sanctioned. The other options do not align with the principles described in the excerpt. WhatisManifestDestiny?,WhowasJohnL.O′Sullivan?,HowdidManifestDestinyinfluenceAmericanexpansion?What is Manifest Destiny?, Who was John L. O'Sullivan?, How did Manifest Destiny influence American expansion? 18.
D
Key Concept
KC-5.2.I: New migrants from Asia and Europe, especially Ireland and Germany, fueled the growth of cities and boosted the economy, but also sparked anti-immigrant sentiment.
Explanation
Between 1820 and 1854, the greatest number of immigrants to the United States came from Ireland, largely due to the Irish Potato Famine of the 1840s which led to mass emigration. WhatcausedtheIrishPotatoFamine?,WhydidmanyIrishimmigratetotheUS?,WhatwastheimpactofIrishimmigrationontheUS?What caused the Irish Potato Famine?, Why did many Irish immigrate to the US?, What was the impact of Irish immigration on the US? 19.
A
Key Concept
KC-5.2.II: Innovations in technology, agriculture, and commerce powerfully accelerated the American economy, precipitating profound changes to U.S. society and to national and regional identities.
Explanation
The American rail system in the 19th century, largely subsidized by the government, enabled markets to expand and production to become more efficient by facilitating the transportation of goods and people across the country. HowdidtherailsystemimpacttheAmericaneconomy?,Whatwastheroleofthegovernmentinthedevelopmentoftherailsystem?,HowdidtherailsystemchangeAmericansociety?How did the rail system impact the American economy?, What was the role of the government in the development of the rail system?, How did the rail system change American society? 20.
A
Key Concept
KC-5.1.II: The idea of Manifest Destiny, which asserted U.S. power in the Western Hemisphere and supported U.S. expansion westward, was built on a belief in white racial superiority and a sense of American cultural superiority, and helped to shape the era’s political debates.
Explanation
In the 1840s, the number of pioneers headed for the Oregon territory decreased while the number headed for California greatly increased, largely due to the California Gold Rush of 1848. WhatwastheCaliforniaGoldRush?,HowdidtheGoldRushimpactwestwardmigration?,WhydidpioneersheadforOregonandCalifornia?What was the California Gold Rush?, How did the Gold Rush impact westward migration?, Why did pioneers head for Oregon and California? 21.
D
Key Concept
KC-5.1.II: The idea of Manifest Destiny, which asserted U.S. power in the Western Hemisphere and supported U.S. expansion westward, was built on a belief in white racial superiority and a sense of American cultural superiority, and helped to shape the era’s political debates.
Explanation
The United States took possession of the Oregon Territory through a negotiated treaty with Great Britain in 1846, known as the Oregon Treaty. WhatwastheOregonTreaty?,HowdidtheUSacquiretheOregonTerritory?,WhatwastheroleofGreatBritainintheOregonTreaty?What was the Oregon Treaty?, How did the US acquire the Oregon Territory?, What was the role of Great Britain in the Oregon Treaty? 22.
A
Key Concept
KC-5.1.II: The idea of Manifest Destiny, which asserted U.S. power in the Western Hemisphere and supported U.S. expansion westward, was built on a belief in white racial superiority and a sense of American cultural superiority, and helped to shape the era’s political debates.
Explanation
President James K. Polk is most closely associated with the concept of Manifest Destiny. His presidency (1845-1849) was marked by significant territorial expansion of the United States. WhowasJamesK.Polk?,HowisPolkassociatedwithManifestDestiny?,WhatterritorialexpansionsoccurredduringPolk′spresidency?Who was James K. Polk?, How is Polk associated with Manifest Destiny?, What territorial expansions occurred during Polk's presidency?
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